Metformin

**Metformin is a widely prescribed diabetes medication that has garnered significant attention in longevity research for its potential anti-aging properties.** Originally derived from the French lilac plant, metformin works primarily by activating AMPK, a cellular energy sensor that plays crucial roles in metabolism and aging. Studies suggest that this mechanism may extend beyond glucose control to influence fundamental aging processes, including cellular stress resistance, autophagy, and mitochondrial function.

**Research indicates that metformin users may experience reduced incidence of age-related diseases including cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, and cognitive decline.** Large observational studies have shown associations with increased healthspan and potentially extended lifespan in diabetic populations. The landmark TAME (Targeting Aging with Metformin) clinical trial, currently in development, aims to test metformin specifically as an anti-aging intervention in non-diabetic older adults, which could provide definitive evidence for its longevity benefits.

**While generally well-tolerated, metformin requires medical supervision due to potential side effects including gastrointestinal issues and rare but serious lactic acidosis.** The medication may also affect vitamin B12 levels with long-term use. Current research focuses on optimal dosing for longevity benefits, with studies typically using 500-2000mg daily. As a prescription medication, metformin use for anti-aging purposes represents an off-label application that should be carefully considered with healthcare providers.